Correlation between Prostate Volume and Gleason Score in Patients Diagnosed with Prostate Cancer. A 2-Year Hospital based Study

Introduction: Prostate cancer (Pca) is a disease thatcommonly afflicts elderly male population especially thoseof African descent. Diagnosis is usually confirmed bymicroscopic examination of prostate tissue sample. Gleasonsystem of grading Pca is widely adopted as a guide to selectingtreatment modalities as an independent prognostic factor. Inthis study, we aimed at evaluating the relationship betweenprostate volume (PV) and Gleason score (GS) in prostatecancer patients.Material and Methods: One hundred (100) male patients whowere evaluated for Pca between January 2014 and December2015 were studied. Information from their case notes wereretrieved and entered into spread sheets for analysis using thestatistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.Results: The mean age of the patients was 67.88 + 8.83 yearsranging from 48 to 91 years. Mean prostate volume was 95.97+ 93.52mls, mean Gleason score was 7.89 + 1.20 while meanPSA of 56.33 + 38.99ng/ml was recorded. Most of the patientswere in their 8th decade of life. Majority of them had PV inexcess of 100mls and Gleason score of 9 was found in patientswith mean PV of 120.98 + 133.23mls.Conclusion: Our work documented mixed results of highgrade tumours observed in most patients, prostate sizenotwithstanding. This study predicts high grade disease in ourcohort of patients irrespective of prostate size.

Accuracy of digital rectal examination to diagnose prostate cancer confirmed by needle biopsy reports: A 3­year hospital-based study

Background: Digital rectal examination (DRE) is an indispensable tool for provisional diagnosis of prostate diseases. When abnormal prostate examination findings are elicited, a diagnosis of prostate cancer (Pca) is usually entertained and further tests to confirm or rule out the presence of Pca demands histological examination of biopsied tissue. A combination of DRE findings and serum PSA increases the predictive value for Pca diagnosis. In this study, we evaluated the degree of accuracy of DRE to diagnose Pca confirmed by histology reports of biopsy specimens.Materials and Methods: Two hundred and six (206) patients were studied over a period of three years. Information retrieved from their case notes were entered into a well-structured protocol for management of prostatic diseases. Analysis of variables collated was performed with the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Frequency table was used to analyze categorical variables while descriptive statistics was used for continuous variables. Level of significance was set at P<.05.Results: 206 patients were studied with mean age of 68.23±8.71 years ranging from 48 to 91 years. Men in the Pca group were older than those in the BPH group. Abnormal DRE was associated with high grade tumours, and high level of aggressive tumour characteristics by WHO grade group standard.Conclusion: DRE has a high level of accuracy in predicting a diagnosis of Pca which was confirmed by histology reports especially in prostates with abnormal findings